Vulcanizing eubber



Patented flee, 236%, v

moi mcenn, or

VULGEJJIZ i 1130 Brewing. Application flies .Eunc '21,

To 121] whom it may concern:

Be it known that l, Ecol Bronco, citizen of the French Republic, residing at Distilleries des Donn-Sevres, of Melie Dem;- Sevres, in the Republic of l'fiiTiiiiQi) have invented certain new and useful improvements in Vulcanizing Rubber; and I do hereby declare the following to be full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled. in the art to which it epp'ertei'ns to make and use the some.

The rubber industry is tion called vulcnnizing which consists in heating the rubber, either pure or mixed with various materials, with sulphur to a certain temperature and under steam pressure in on autoclave or in moulds.

-in the course of this operation the propzo'erties of the rubber are profoundly modified under the influence of chemical and physical actions of the elements present. The rubber becomes insoluble in solvents and ac quires elasticity, strength, nervous quality and even hardness, according to the pro-pen 'tion of sulphur used.

It has been known for some years that the phenomenon of vulcanization is due to based on an opera the presence of organic matters originullgr contained in the natural rubber. Starting from this observation; it has been sought to improve the vulcanization by adding to the mixture to be vulcanized verious organic matters, and it has been found that certain of these accelerate considerably the vulcanization. Among those already known, the

chief are dimethylaniline piperidine, Pm.- th'equinone, diphenylurea, poionitrosodimethyluniline, pzirnphenylcnedieinine, ior manilicle, naphthylaniine, antipyrine.

By the present invention furfurcinide, commercially known as vercauoi is used. has in high degree the valuable property of improving considerably the conditions of vulcanization and the qualities of the vol canized rubber.

When added to the extent of 0.5 2 per cent oi the weight of the rubber in the mixture to be vulcanized, it diminishes the durm tionoi the vulcenizing operation by -80 per cent and the temperature of the heeting by 810 63., which proves its power as an accelerator. It increases the elasticity, the nervous quality and. the resistance or" lors'rimi'eelns DES i...

lCh'R-D, .enzlene'r 3 wins l00--l50 per cent thereby showing; its )OFIQL' as a. vitaiizer.

The following examples iilus'irntc the inventions I Ewmnpic l.-There is made a mixture of a plantation rubber, smoked crepe, i0 kilos; zinc oxide iii kilos; sulphur, (1.5 kilos.

The ordinary conditions of vulcanization in :1 pressure would are i'ollows: stezini pressure during the opemtion I; kilos; time during wi ich {he pressure rises to R kilos 10 minutes; duration oi? the heating under I, hiios pressure during: which villi-animation occurs. 1 hour; tempernturc oi' the i\eniino;.. 143 c. v

if the (L5 kilo of sulphur used to when in the foregoing); mixture be very iniiiniziiciv incorporated with grams oi i'ni-iumnh ide, that is to say l per cent of the weight of the pure rubber. the conditions of vuicenimtion iriecoine, steam pressure during; the operation, 2:52 kilos; time during: which the presure rises to kilos, ininutesz duration oi the heating under kilos pro e sure during which. vulcanization occurs. 1'

minutes; i1YIl}')@i'iitill of the heating 134) c Thus the use of furiuinrnidc perniits 1. liQtiIlCtlOIl of the duration oi vulcenimitic. h e5 per cent.

ieduction oil the steam pressure by 0.8 .kilos.

3. Reduction of the temperature oi hecting 7}, 51 I EwampZ-c iZ.-Pi mixture ercted rubber, 2.8 kilos; kilos: loading, 7.0 l'ziios.

Vulcanimition under ordinary conditions oi 'es a vuicaiiized product which has breaking strain of 102 grams per rr ie nieter. By using there prmhiced a vulcanized. product the breaking strninoii Whici'i is 220 grams per sq. millirnetcn an increase of per The Whole opcreiion constituting 'ml-- C'difilZdillOil may be varied very Wioleh; cording on the one hand to the coin ociticn oi the mixture, the temperatures and the do ration of heating, and on the other hand to the nature oi the product to be inside, vnrg is made of regeneccra, rubber, 0:23

.ing from very supple industrial rubber ebonite.

The use 0 fur; portion in. i .e operations reiniie in very o always 30 grains of fur'luremide i fur-amide made 7 11111010 aldehyde and its homologues with amates considerably the vulcanization and improves greatly the qualities of the vulcanized products as already stated.

It has been found that derivatives of fur- (l) by condensing pyromonia or amines,- (2) by isomerization of these compounds, (3) by addition-or substitution of other chemical groups to the foregoing derivatives-that is to say, all nitrogen derivatives of the group furturyl act in like manner to furturamide and have snuilar :wcelerating, and vitalizing properties.

If in the two preceding examples there be substituted for the turturamide, 't'urturine, furfu'ro-dhmiline, t'urfurotoluidine, furfurodiphenylamine, oxylurfuranilinc, flu-tun methylaniline furfurophenylhytlrazine, turfurylamine or the like. more.or less important improvements in the. conditions of ordinary vulcanization are observed and prove to be of the same nature and order as those produced by using furiuramide.

Having now fully described the nature of my said invention and the best means I know of carrying the same into practical effect, I claim 1. Process of vulcanizing which comprises adding to a vulcanizable mixture of rubber and other substances a compound containing in its composition the furyl radicle and nitrogen, that acts as accelerator and vitalizer.

2. rocess of vulcanizing which comprises adding to a vulcanizable n'nxture containing compound furfane alra-olicle and nitrogen, that rubber a small proportion of a containing in its composition the dehyde (furfurol) acts as accelerator and vitalizer.

3.A process of vulcanizing which comprises, adding to a mixture of rubber and other substances a small proportion of condensation derivatives of furfurol and 'camzation whereby the h the a small proportion ol amines, and heating the mixture for vulcanization, whereby the vulcanization is ac cel-erated.

A process of vulcanizing prises adding to a mixture of rubber and other substances :1 small proportion of derivatives made by condensing turt'urol with ammonia and heating which com- 5. Process of vulcanizing which comprises adding to the mixture of rubber and other materials a small proportion of furluramide and heating the mixtureunder the customary vulcanizing conditions whereby the vulcanization is accelerated.

(3. Process of vulcanizing which comprises adding to a mixture of rubber and other substances a small proportion of derivatives made by isomerization of fu-rfuramide and heating the mixture of vulcanization, Where- 'ulcanizatimris accelerated.

l. hocess ot' vulcanizing which comprises adding to a mixture of rubber and othersubstances a small proportion of furfurine and heating the mixture for vulcanization Where by the vulcanization is accelerated. V

8. A process of vulcanizing which comprises adding to a mixture of rubber and other substances a small proportion of derivates made by nitrosation of isomeric derivatives or. furfuramide and heating the mixture for vulcanization, whereby the Vulcanization is accelerated.

9, A process of vulcanizing which comprises adding to a mixture of rubber and other substances a small proportion of nitroso-furt'urine and heating the mixture'for vultaniization, whereby the vulcanization accelerated.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my invention, I have signed my name.

ELOI RICARD.

the mixture for vul- 

